The levels of cognitive failure
- 1. Ignorance
- It’s impossible to know everything, so it’s ok.
- 2. Incompetence
- You should know, for example, because it’s a part of your job, but you don’t.
- 3. Stupidity
- You have enough facts, but make wrong conclusions.
- 4. Idiocy
- You don’t have enough information, or your information is unverified, and you make conclusions. You treat these conclusions as facts, not as assumptions.
- 5. Conspiracism